Backup Automation Project

Define the directories to be backed up and the destination directories on both local and remote systems:

SOURCE_DIR="/home/*"
BACKUP_DIR="/backup/home_backup"
LOG_FILE="/var/log/backup.log"
REMOTE_SERVER="anwer@192.168.1.87"
REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR="/home/anwer/backup_localhost_home"

Create a script (backup.sh) to automate the backup process:

#!/bin/bash

# Define source and backup directories
SOURCE_DIR="/home/*"
BACKUP_DIR="/backup/home_backup"
LOG_FILE="/var/log/backup.log"

# Create backup directory if it doesn't exist
sudo mkdir -p $BACKUP_DIR

# Log the start time
echo "Backup started at $(date)" >> $LOG_FILE

# Perform the backup using rsync
sudo rsync -arv --delete $SOURCE_DIR $BACKUP_DIR >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1

# Redundant backup using rsync to remote server
sudo rsync -arv --delete -e "ssh -i /home/anwer/.ssh/id_rsa" $SOURCE_DIR $REMOTE_SERVER:$REMOTE_BACKUP_DIR >> $LOG_FILE 2>&1

# Log the end time and calculate duration
END_TIME=$(date +%s)
START_TIME=$(date -d "$(head -n 1 $LOG_FILE | awk '{print $4, $5}')" +%s)
DURATION=$((END_TIME - START_TIME))

echo "Backup completed at $(date)" >> $LOG_FILE
echo "Backup duration: $DURATION seconds" >> $LOG_FILE

Grant execution permissions to the script:

chmod +x backup.sh

Allow the anwer user to run specific commands with sudo without requiring a password:

sudo visudo

Add the following line to the sudoers file:

anwer ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/bin/rsync, /bin/mkdir

Generate SSH keys and copy the public key to the remote server for password-less authentication:

ssh-keygen

ssh-copy-id anwer@192.168.1.87

Ensure the anwer user has the necessary permissions for the backup directory and log file:

sudo chown -R anwer:backup /backup
sudo chmod 775 /backup
sudo chown root:backup /var/log/backup.log
sudo chmod 664 /var/log/backup.log

Run the script manually to verify its functionality:

./backup.sh

Check the backup directories and log file to ensure the backup was successful.

Automate the script to run daily using cron:

crontab -e

Add the following line to schedule the script to run at 2 AM daily:

0 2 * * * /path/to/backup.sh

Compare the time taken for manual and automated backups to calculate efficiency gain:

• Manual Backup Time: 10 minutes
• Automated Backup Time: 2 minutes
• Time Saved per Backup: 8 minutes
• Efficiency Improvement: 80%